This gentle serum contains 5% gluconolactone and 2% lactobionic acid, both of which are polyhydroxy acids (PHAs). PHAs are large exfoliating acids which work by dissolving the keratin that binds our outer skin cells. Their large size makes them very gentle, so they are suitable for most skin types, including mildly sensitive.
Regular use of PHAs can improve the skin texture, making it smoother and more radiant. The exfoliating activity of these ingredients encourages growth of new skin cells in the base layer of the epidermis (the living layer of our skin). This cell renewal process naturally slows with age, so ingredients that can stimulate the speed at which this happens help to encourage youthful-looking skin.
Also included in the product is 2% phytic acid, an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA). This ingredient has been shown to help brighten overall skin tone, as well as decongest the skin, minimising breakouts and blackheads. It is a large sized AHA, which means it is more gentle on the skin so is a good option for more sensitive skin types than other smaller AHAs (such as glycolic and lactic acids).
The formula also contains a blend of natural humectants - sodium pca, panthenol and hyaluronic acid. Humectants work by drawing water molecules towards them to hydrate and plump the area which they are applied to. This makes this serum a fantastic option for those with drier skin.